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Nuclear actin switch of the INO80 remodeler
Jun Wu 1,2, Yimin Lao1, and Bing Li 1,*
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
*Correspondence to:Bing Li, E-mail: bingli@shsmu.edu.cn
J Mol Cell Biol, Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2019, 343-344,  https://doi.org/10.1093/jmcb/mjy083

Eukaryotic DNA is wrapped in nucleosomes, which impede the access of transcription factors and regulatory proteins to template DNA. Chromatin remodelers utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to drive histone movement relative to nucleosomal DNA and nucleosome editing. Thus, they play critical roles in transcription, DNA replication, and damage repair, and their dysfunctions are often associated with diseases including cancers (Klages-Mundt et al., 2018). Chromatin remodelers can be generally categorized into INO80, SWI/SNF, CHD, and ISWI subfamilies, which share conserved catalytic ATPase-translocase motors. However, how other auxiliary components of these multi-subunit machinery control their genomic recruitment and actions of DNA translocation remains as a major challenge of the field.